Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen (male hormone) levels, and polycystic ovaries. It is a complex condition that impacts hormone levels and can affect fertility and overall health.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen (male hormone) levels, and polycystic ovaries. It is a complex condition that impacts hormone levels and can affect fertility and overall health.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of PCOS is not known, but several factors may contribute:
- Hormonal Imbalance: Elevated levels of androgens disrupt the normal function of the ovaries.
- Insulin Resistance: Insulin resistance affects how the body processes glucose and may increase androgen production.
- Genetics: Family history of PCOS can increase the risk.
- Lifestyle Factors: Obesity and sedentary lifestyle may worsen symptoms.
Symptoms
PCOS symptoms vary and may include:
- Irregular Periods: Menstrual cycles may be irregular, infrequent, or absent.
- Excess Androgen: Elevated levels of male hormones can cause acne, excess facial and body hair (hirsutism), and hair thinning on the scalp (male-pattern baldness).
- Polycystic Ovaries: Enlarged ovaries containing follicles that surround the eggs, often seen on ultrasound.
- Other Symptoms: Weight gain, difficulty losing weight, darkening of skin (acanthosis nigricans), and infertility.
